Featured Stories
USITC Makes Determinations in Five-Year Reviews Concerning Polyvinyl Alcohol From China and Japan
WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 -- The U.S. International Trade Commission issued the following news release on Aug. 27, 2026:
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USITC Makes Determinations in Five-Year (Sunset) Reviews Concerning Polyvinyl Alcohol from China and Japan
The U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC) today determined that revoking the existing antidumping orders on imports of polyvinyl alcohol from China and Japan would likely lead to continuation or recurrence of material injury within a reasonably foreseeable time.
As a result of the USITC's affirmative determinations, the existing orders on imports of this product
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WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 -- The U.S. International Trade Commission issued the following news release on Aug. 27, 2026:
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USITC Makes Determinations in Five-Year (Sunset) Reviews Concerning Polyvinyl Alcohol from China and Japan
The U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC) today determined that revoking the existing antidumping orders on imports of polyvinyl alcohol from China and Japan would likely lead to continuation or recurrence of material injury within a reasonably foreseeable time.
As a result of the USITC's affirmative determinations, the existing orders on imports of this productfrom China and Japan will remain in place.
Chairman Brett W. Doyle and Commissioners Jason E. Kearns, Peter-Anthony Pappas, Bart Thanhauser, and David Foley Jr. voted in the affirmative.
Today's action comes under the five-year (sunset) review process required by the Uruguay Round Agreements Act. See the attached page for background on these five-year (sunset) reviews.
The USITC's public report, Polyvinyl Alcohol from China and Japan (Inv. Nos. 731-TA-1014 and 1016 (Fourth Review), USITC Publication 5787, September 2026), will contain the views of the USITC and information developed during the reviews.
The report will be available on the USITC website by October 6, 2026.
BACKGROUND
The Uruguay Round Agreements Act requires the Department of Commerce to revoke an antidumping or countervailing duty order, or terminate a suspension agreement, after five years unless the Department of Commerce and the USITC determine that revoking the order or terminating the suspension agreement would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of dumping or subsidies (Commerce) and of material injury (USITC) within a reasonably foreseeable time.
The USITC's institution notice in five-year reviews requests that interested parties file responses with the USITC concerning the likely effects of revoking the order under review as well as other information. Generally, within 95 days from institution, the USITC will determine whether the responses it has received reflect an adequate or inadequate level of interest in a full review. If responses to the USITC's notice of institution are adequate, or if other circumstances warrant a full review, the USITC conducts a full review, which includes a public hearing and issuance of questionnaires.
The USITC generally does not hold a hearing or conduct further investigative activities in expedited reviews. Commissioners base their injury determination in expedited reviews on the facts available, including the USITC's prior injury and review determinations, responses received to its notice of institution, data collected by staff in connection with the reviews, and information provided by the Department of Commerce.
The five-year (sunset) reviews concerning Polyvinyl Alcohol from China and Japan were instituted on March 2, 2026.
On June 5, 2026, the USITC determined to conduct expedited five-year reviews. Commissioners David S. Johanson, Jason E. Kearns, and Amy A. Karpel concluded that the domestic interested party group responses were adequate and the respondent interested party group responses were inadequate, and voted for expedited reviews. Chairman Brett W. Doyle and Commissioners Peter-Anthony Pappas, Bart Thanhauser, and David Foley Jr. did not participate in the adequacy votes.
A record of the USITC's votes to conduct expedited reviews is available on the investigations page for Polyvinyl Alcohol from China and Japan; Inv. No. 731-TA-1014 and 1016 (Review 4) (https://ids.usitc.gov/case/107/investigation/8891).
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Original text here: https://www.usitc.gov/press_room/news_release/2026/er0827_69135.htm
Justice Department Finds George Washington University Medical School Discriminates Based on Race in Admissions
WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 -- The U.S. Department of Justice issued the following news release on Aug. 27, 2026:
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Justice Department Finds George Washington University Medical School Discriminates Based on Race in Admissions
The Justice Department's Civil Rights Division announced today its finding that the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Services (GW Med) intentionally discriminated based on race in granting and denying admission to its 2024 and 2025 incoming classes. GW Med's discriminatory conduct violated Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits
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WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 -- The U.S. Department of Justice issued the following news release on Aug. 27, 2026:
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Justice Department Finds George Washington University Medical School Discriminates Based on Race in Admissions
The Justice Department's Civil Rights Division announced today its finding that the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Services (GW Med) intentionally discriminated based on race in granting and denying admission to its 2024 and 2025 incoming classes. GW Med's discriminatory conduct violated Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibitsdiscrimination on the basis of race, and the U.S. Supreme Court's 2023 decision in Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard (SFFA), which banned race discrimination in higher education.
"GW Med's admissions practices reveal an intent to prioritize racial diversity over merit, which is unlawful and poses legitimate public health consequences for the patients its future doctors will serve," said Assistant Attorney General Harmeet K. Dhillon of the Justice Department's Civil Rights Division. "The law is simple -- admissions officers can no longer discriminate based on race in the name of diversity."
The Department's investigation found that after SFFA, George Washington University issued university-wide admissions guidance stating that no preference or favorable assessment could be given based on racial or ethnic identity "that is self-reported and collected on the check-box data sections" of application forms. Under this direction, GW Med used other sources to discover an applicant's race. GW Med's application included essay questions that were designed to elicit information about an applicant's race or ethnicity. And admissions officers used this information to select applicants for interviews. As a result of GW Med's admissions practices, black applicants had a significantly higher probability of being selected for an interview, and received disproportionately higher interview scores, than comparable Asian applicants.
With respect to standardized test scores, GW Med's admitted black students scored significantly lower on the MCAT than white or Asian applicants in 2024 and 2025. GW Med regularly denied admission to white and Asian applicants in favor of lower credentialed black and Hispanic applicants.
Medical schools receive substantial federal financial assistance and are subject to federal non-discrimination laws. The Department will continue to investigate their compliance with Title VI and SFFA's prohibition on race-conscious admissions. Where a violation has been found, the Department is engaging in settlement negotiations to ensure the school's admissions practices are brought into compliance. If those efforts fail, the Department will file suit.
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Original text here: https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-finds-george-washington-university-medical-school-discriminates-based
FDIC Chairman Hill Issues Statement on Final Rule: Unsafe or Unsound Practices, Matters Requiring Attention
WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 -- The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation issued the following statement on Aug. 27, 2026, by Chairman Travis Hill:
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Final Rule: Unsafe or Unsound Practices, Matters Requiring Attention
Reforming supervision at the FDIC has been one of my top priorities since becoming Chairman./1 Today, the FDIC and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency issued a final rule that defines the terms "unsafe or unsound practice" for purposes of Section 8 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and "matters requiring attention" (MRAs) and make other improvements to the agencies' supervisory
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WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 -- The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation issued the following statement on Aug. 27, 2026, by Chairman Travis Hill:
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Final Rule: Unsafe or Unsound Practices, Matters Requiring Attention
Reforming supervision at the FDIC has been one of my top priorities since becoming Chairman./1 Today, the FDIC and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency issued a final rule that defines the terms "unsafe or unsound practice" for purposes of Section 8 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and "matters requiring attention" (MRAs) and make other improvements to the agencies' supervisoryapproach.
The final rule is an important milestone in our continued efforts to refocus bank supervision on issues most relevant to safety and soundness, while, at the same time, maintaining rigorous supervisory standards. It is one of a number of steps we are taking to fundamentally reform supervision, which includes forthcoming amendments to the CAMELS rating system, among others.
The final rule shifts the nature of supervisory criticisms in two key ways. First, it shifts our attention towards underlying fundamental risks and away from banks' processes for managing those risks, and second, it imposes a materiality threshold for evaluating those potential risks. In combination, the result is that examiners will focus only on issues that can have a material impact on the financial condition of an institution and on actual violations of relevant laws or regulations.
As I discussed when the proposed rule was issued, the final rule does not prevent examiners from proactively identifying issues./2 It does not require examiners to wait until a financial harm actually occurs to issue a supervisory criticism. However, as noted in the final rule, the risk that a practice or act would materially harm the financial condition of the institution must be "more than speculative or merely possible."
In parallel to the rulemaking process, the FDIC has completed a "lookback" review of all outstanding matters requiring board attention and supervisory recommendations/3 to assess which meet the MRA standard under the final rule and which should be closed out. The FDIC has concluded that a large majority of outstanding supervisory criticisms do not meet the standard under the final rule and thus will be (or in some cases already have been) closed out. At the same time, many outstanding supervisory criticisms do meet the new standard and thus will be converted into MRAs. The result will be more attention and focus by banks and examiners on issues truly relevant to safety and soundness.
I thank staff at the FDIC and OCC for their work on this final rule.
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1/ See, e.g., Travis Hill, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Charting a New Course: Preliminary Thoughts on FDIC Policy Issues (Jan. 10, 2025); Travis Hill, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Statement from Acting Chairman Travis Hill (Jan. 21, 2025) (Listing as among my priorities, "Improve the supervisory process to focus more on core financial risks and less on process...").
2/ See Travis Hill, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Proposal Regarding Unsafe and Unsound Practices, Matters Requiring Attention (Oct. 7, 2025) ("The proposal would still allow supervisors to proactively identify, and require remediation of, material issues. Poor decisions a bank makes today may not show up in its financial metrics for an extended period of time. For example, poorly underwritten loans may not result in immediate delinquency or default, as borrowers may make payments for a few months or years before ceasing to pay. A bank's balance sheet may look fine under current economic conditions, but underwater if conditions change. So, it is important that supervisors have the capacity to identify problems and require remediation before it is too late.").
3/ The FDIC historically has used the terms Matters Requiring Board Attention and Supervisory Recommendation to characterize supervisory criticisms and is now replacing those terms following the issuance of the final rule.
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Original text here: https://www.fdic.gov/news/speeches/2026/final-rule-unsafe-or-unsound-practices-matters-requiring-attention
Comptroller of the Currency Issues Bulletin on Matters Requiring Attention for Violations of Laws and Regulations: Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 -- The U.S. Department of the Treasury Office of the Comptroller of the Currency issued the following bulletin (No. OCC 2026-42) on Ag. 27, 2026:
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Matters Requiring Attention for Violations of Laws and Regulations: Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
To: Chief Executive Officers of All National Banks, Federal Savings Associations, and Federal Branches and Agencies; Department and Division Heads; All Examining Personnel; and Other Interested Parties
Summary
The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) issued a notice of proposed rulemaking to refine the standard for
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WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 -- The U.S. Department of the Treasury Office of the Comptroller of the Currency issued the following bulletin (No. OCC 2026-42) on Ag. 27, 2026:
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Matters Requiring Attention for Violations of Laws and Regulations: Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
To: Chief Executive Officers of All National Banks, Federal Savings Associations, and Federal Branches and Agencies; Department and Division Heads; All Examining Personnel; and Other Interested Parties
Summary
The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) issued a notice of proposed rulemaking to refine the standard forthe issuance of matters requiring attention (MRA) in response to violations of laws and regulations (12 CFR 4.92). The proposed rule would establish two categories of violations: "substantive violations" and "technical violations." The proposal is intended to focus the attention of national banks, federal savings associations, and federal branches and agencies (collectively, banks) and examiners on violations that could meaningfully impact a bank or its customers, while preserving an effective mechanism for addressing less significant violations.
Comments on all aspects of the proposed rule are due 30 days after it is published in the Federal Register.
Note for Community Banks
The proposed rule would apply to all OCC-supervised banks.
Highlights
The proposed rule would
* clarify that the OCC may issue an MRA in response to a violation of a banking or banking-related law or regulation only for "substantive violations," i.e., violations whose nature, duration, frequency, or severity could meaningfully impact the bank or its customers.
* establish that the OCC cites "technical violations" for violations for which the OCC does not take an enforcement action, or issue an MRA, to a bank.
Background
The OCC is responsible for assuring that banks under its jurisdiction comply with applicable laws and regulations. In furtherance of this responsibility, the OCC issued a notice of proposed rulemaking to refine its framework for the issuance of MRAs in response to violations of laws and regulations. The proposed revisions are intended to better focus supervisory attention on the violations that are the most critical to the prudent operation of a bank.
The Proposed Rule
Substantive Violations
Under the proposal, the OCC would limit the issuance of MRAs in response to a violation of a banking or banking-related law or regulation to only substantive violations. The proposal would deem a violation to be substantive if its nature, duration, frequency, or severity could meaningfully impact the bank or its customers. This general definition of the term "substantive violation" would be followed by five categories that provide more concrete parameters as to what qualifies as a substantive violation. A substantive violation would need to meet at least one of the following criteria for the OCC to issue an MRA:
* Be systemic, or constitute a pattern;
* Have had or reasonably be expected to have a direct, clear, predictable, and more than minimal impact on the bank's financial condition;
* Have had or reasonably be expected to have a more than minimal impact on the accuracy of the bank's books and records;
* Require more than minimal restitution or reasonably be expected to have a more than minimal adverse impact to customers; or
* Involve insider misconduct or self-dealing.
Technical Violations
The proposal would create a separate category for technical violations. A technical violation would be a violation for which the OCC does not take an enforcement action or issue an MRA. Examiners would be permitted to direct a bank to correct the violation but could not prescribe how the bank must do so or require remediation steps unrelated to correction of the violation.
Further Information
Please contact the Chief Counsel's Office at (202) 649-5490.
Adam J. Cohen
Senior Deputy Comptroller and Chief Counsel
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Original text here: https://occ.gov/news-issuances/bulletins/2026/bulletin-2026-42.html
CPSC Issues Recall Alert Involving Studio Six Headphone Amplifiers
WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 -- The Consumer Product Safety Commission issued the following recall alert:
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Name of Product: Studio Six Headphone Amplifiers
Hazard: When the amplifiers are used with aftermarket metal base tubes, the bare metal can become electrified, posing a risk of serious injury or death from electrocution.
Remedy: Repair
Recall Date: August 27, 2026
Units: About 90
Consumer Contact: AudioLineOut at 971-279-4357 from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. PT Monday through Friday, email at support@aloaudio.com, or online at https://aloaudio.com/ and click on "Safety Notice" or go directly to https://aloaudio.com/pages/studio-six-headphone-amplifier-safety-recall
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WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 -- The Consumer Product Safety Commission issued the following recall alert:
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Name of Product: Studio Six Headphone Amplifiers
Hazard: When the amplifiers are used with aftermarket metal base tubes, the bare metal can become electrified, posing a risk of serious injury or death from electrocution.
Remedy: Repair
Recall Date: August 27, 2026
Units: About 90
Consumer Contact: AudioLineOut at 971-279-4357 from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. PT Monday through Friday, email at support@aloaudio.com, or online at https://aloaudio.com/ and click on "Safety Notice" or go directly to https://aloaudio.com/pages/studio-six-headphone-amplifier-safety-recallfor more information and to fill out a contact form.
Recall Details
Description: This recall involves Studio Six Headphone Amplifiers with model ST6. The amplifiers are black or silver. The amplifiers measure 15-3/4 inches high by 12 inches wide. The height for the lower level of the unit, top to bottom, is 5-3/4 inches; the height from the top of the upper level to bottom of the unit is 20-3/4 inches. In the front of the unit, there are four audio connectors for headphones. In the back, there are three sets (L and R) of RCA inputs. Also in the back is a connector for an auxiliary power device.
Remedy: Consumers should stop using the recalled amplifiers immediately and contact AudioLineOut for a free repair. Consumers should contact AudioLineOut at support@aloaudio.com for a prepaid shipping label to ship back the product for repair. Alternatively, consumers can utilize the originally supplied vacuum tubes.
Incidents/Injuries: None reported
Sold At: Independent stereo stores nationwide and online at aloaudio.com from December 2014 through December 2022 for about $3,900.
Distributor(s): AudioLineOut LLC, of Portland, Oregon
Manufactured In: United States
Recall number: 26-720
Fast Track Recall
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Original text here: https://www.cpsc.gov/Recalls/2026/AudioLineOut-Recalls-Studio-Six-Headphone-Amplifiers-Due-to-Risk-of-Serious-Injury-or-Death-from-Electrocution-Hazard
Bureau of Reclamation: Seasonal "Flip-flop" River Operation Now in Progress in Yakima Basin
WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 -- The U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation issued the following news release:
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Seasonal "flip-flop" river operation now in progress in Yakima basin
Public should exercise increased caution near Yakima basin rivers
YAKIMA, Wash. - The Bureau of Reclamation began its annual "flip-flop" to aid in successful spawning and incubation of chinook salmon eggs and to improve winter reservoir storage in the Yakima basin. Changing water conditions should be expected over the coming weeks.
Reclamation will begin diverting water down the Kittitas Reclamation District's
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WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 -- The U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation issued the following news release:
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Seasonal "flip-flop" river operation now in progress in Yakima basin
Public should exercise increased caution near Yakima basin rivers
YAKIMA, Wash. - The Bureau of Reclamation began its annual "flip-flop" to aid in successful spawning and incubation of chinook salmon eggs and to improve winter reservoir storage in the Yakima basin. Changing water conditions should be expected over the coming weeks.
Reclamation will begin diverting water down the Kittitas Reclamation District'sspillway 1146 into the Yakima River near Thorp the week after Labor Day weekend. Buoys and warning signs will be in place in the Yakima River by Sept. 8 and remain until mid-October, or after the flow from spillway 1146 has ended. Rimrock Reservoir releases have begun increasing daily and are expected to peak Sept. 15.
"Partnership is essential to managing the Yakima basin--our coordinated work with local districts, communities, and stakeholders helps us meet water, fish, and safety needs across the system," said Chad Stuart, Reclamation Yakima Field Office manager. "This annual operation helps stabilize flows basin wide and allows Reclamation to meet ecological and irrigation needs heading into the next water year."
Reclamation urges those recreating or working along Yakima basin rivers to exercise caution, especially in the Yakima River near Thorp. Please avoid areas where spillway water flows into the river, portage around buoys, and stay away from dangerously turbulent flows.
"Flip-flop" creates instream flow conditions ideal for chinook salmon spawning in the upper Yakima, Cle Elum, and Bumping rivers. It is a flipping of operations: upper reservoir releases decrease while lower reservoir releases increase during the same period. After mid-September, Reclamation transitions back to normal operations, completing the seasonal cycle.
Real-time streamflow information can be found on Reclamation's website at https://www.usbr.gov/pn/hydromet/yakima/index.html.
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Original text here: https://www.usbr.gov/newsroom/news-release/5397
BLS Issues Report on Employment Projections 2025-2035
WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 (TNSLrpt) -- Employment Projections 2025-2035 - A report from U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics - Aug. 27, 2026 (10 pages)
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The U.S. economy is projected to add 5.9 million jobs from 2025 to 2035, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Total employment is projected to increase from 170.3 million to 176.2 million and grow 3.5 percent, which is slower than the 10.9 percent growth recorded over the 2015-25 decade. (See chart 1.)
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Chart 1. Total employment, 2005-2025 and projected 2035
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New Artificial Intelligence Exposure Categories
Alongside
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WASHINGTON, Aug. 28 (TNSLrpt) -- Employment Projections 2025-2035 - A report from U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics - Aug. 27, 2026 (10 pages)
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The U.S. economy is projected to add 5.9 million jobs from 2025 to 2035, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Total employment is projected to increase from 170.3 million to 176.2 million and grow 3.5 percent, which is slower than the 10.9 percent growth recorded over the 2015-25 decade. (See chart 1.)
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Chart 1. Total employment, 2005-2025 and projected 2035
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New Artificial Intelligence Exposure Categories
Alongsidethe 2025-35 projections, BLS is introducing a new data product that provides information about how occupations compare to one another based on their theoretical and observed exposure to artificial intelligence (AI). More information about the AI exposure categories can be found on release day at www.bls.gov/emp/publications/ai-exposure-categories.htm.
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Chart 2. Employment change by major industry sector, projected 2025-2035
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Major Industry Sector Employment
Utilities is projected to have the fastest job growth (+9.8 percent) of all major industry sectors over the 2025-35 decade. However, this fast growth is projected to account for an increase of only 58,800 new jobs because of the sector's relatively small employment size. (See chart 2.) Nearly all the job growth is expected from electric power generation, transmission, and distribution due to increasing demand for electricity, including artificial intelligence (AI) power demands.
The private healthcare and social assistance (+9.5 percent) major industry sector is projected to add the most jobs of any sector, over 2.2 million over the projections period, and is projected to be the second fastest growing major industry sector. This strong growth is expected to account for about 37.0 percent of all new jobs projected to be added through 2035. Strong employment growth is expected to stem from both the aging population and the increasing prevalence of chronic health conditions, such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes.
Demand for AI-based systems, research and development, and associated consulting services is expected to drive the need for workers in professional, scientific, and technical services. This major industry sector is projected to be the third fastest growing sector (+8.6 percent) over the projections period. This fast growth is projected to result in 926,700 new jobs, the second largest job growth of any sector.
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Chart 3. Ten fastest growing industries, projected 2025-2035
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Employment in federal government (-3.4 percent) and retail trade (-0.2 percent) is projected to decline from 2025 to 2035. Retail trade is projected to lose about 27,500 jobs over the projections period, as e-commerce is expected to continue limiting employment in retail outlets. However, the growing volume of online purchases and therefore increasing volume of shipments and deliveries are expected to support employment growth in transportation and warehousing (+3.1 percent).
Fastest Growing Employment in Detailed Industries
The overall demand for electricity is expected to increase over the projections period due in large part to AI adoption and demand for related infrastructure, such as data centers. Consequently, projected employment growth in 4 out of the 10 fastest growing industries is expected to be driven, in large part, by demand for electricity. The solar, wind, and geothermal electric power generation industries are projected to be the fastest growing detailed industries. (See chart 3.) However, because of their relatively small employment size, these industries, when combined with the other electric power generation industry, are projected to add only about 35,800 jobs over the projections period.
Accelerated AI adoption is also expected to support employment growth in the computing infrastructure providers, data processing, web hosting, and related services industry. As a result, this industry is projected to grow 25.1 percent and add 120,400 new jobs over the projections period.
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Chart 4. Percent change in total employment, by occupational group, projected 2025-2035
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Other electrical equipment and component manufacturing, which includes production of batteries used for energy storage and in electric vehicles, is projected to grow 25.9 percent from 2025 to 2035. Rising demand for fiber optic cables, used for the transmission of data across AI infrastructure and in telecommunications infrastructure, is also expected to contribute to strong employment growth in this industry.
Four of the 10 industries where employment is projected to grow the fastest over the 2025-35 projections period are related to the private healthcare and social assistance major industry sector. Among these, services for the elderly and persons with disabilities is projected to add 625,400 new jobs from 2025 to 2035, the most of any detailed industry. Increased demand for home-based care is expected to contribute to this growth.
Occupational Employment
In line with the fast job growth expected in the private healthcare and social assistance major industry sector, three related occupational groups are projected to experience strong employment growth over the 2025-35 decade. These are the healthcare support, healthcare practitioners and technical, and community and social service occupational groups, all of which are projected to be among the five fastest growing groups in the economy from 2025 to 2035. (See chart 4.)
Of all 22 major occupational groups, the healthcare support and healthcare practitioners and technical groups are projected to grow the fastest, with employment growing 13.3 percent and 8.0 percent, respectively, over the projections decade. These two healthcare groups combined are expected to account for almost one-third of all new jobs created through 2035.
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Chart 5. Ten fastest growing occupations, projected 2025-2035
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Because the likelihood of experiencing health complications increases with age, the aging population is expected to boost demand for a wide variety of healthcare and social services, including home health and personal care services. Moreover, given the high prevalence of chronic diseases and behavioral health disorders in the general population, the demand to diagnose, treat, and manage these conditions is expected to grow through 2035.
As a result, strong job growth is expected in the occupations that provide or help provide these services, including physical therapist assistants, occupational therapy assistants, psychiatric technicians, and ophthalmic medical technicians, all of which rank among the 10 fastest growing detailed occupations from 2025 to 2035. (See chart 5.) This demand is also expected to result in an increased need for community and social service occupations, which are projected to be the fourth fastest occupational group (+7.4 percent). Notably, nurse practitioners is projected to experience the fastest employment growth of all detailed occupations (+41.0 percent), reflecting the central role this occupation plays in providing care under collaborative, team-based models of care.
Life, physical, and social science occupations are projected to experience the third-fastest job growth of any major occupational group (+7.5 percent), growing more than twice as fast as the all-occupation average (+3.5 percent). The growing demand for scientific research and development in a wide range of fields, most notably in biotechnology, manufacturing, and AI, is the main factor expected to drive strong employment demand in this group.
Computer and mathematical occupations are projected to be the fifth fastest growing major occupational group (+7.3 percent). Fast job growth in these occupations is expected to largely stem from the continued proliferation of digital tools and AI solutions across the economy. Ranking among the top 10 fastest growing detailed occupations are data scientists (+34.6 percent) and computer and information research scientists (+21.8 percent), which will be in demand to develop, improve, and leverage these technologies to enhance business operations and aid decision making.
Electricity demand is expected to grow significantly over the projections decade, leading to strong employment growth for solar photovoltaic installers (+36.5 percent) and wind turbine service technicians (+29.5 percent), both of which rank among the five fastest growing occupations from 2025 to 2035. Despite their fast projected growth, the two occupations combined are projected to add fewer than 15,000 new jobs by 2035. As solar and wind power generation continues to expand, strong demand is expected for solar photovoltaic installers and wind turbine service technicians to install solar panels and to repair and maintain wind turbines, respectively.
Although the growing adoption of AI is expected to support demand for some occupations, associated productivity gains may dampen employment demand for others. The use of generative AI software, which can be leveraged to automate repetitive tasks and speed up certain processes, may limit demand for some jobs in the arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupational group. Similarly, the continued integration of automation tools, including those powered by AI, into workflows is likely to reduce demand for several office and administrative support occupations. This occupational group is projected to decline at the fastest pace (-4.0 percent) and to shed 752,100 jobs over the 2025-35 decade, the most of any major occupational group. Additionally, further growth of e-commerce and incorporation of AI tools into the sales process are expected to continue contributing to job loss in the sales and related occupational group (-1.4 percent). Lastly, the continued deployment of automated machinery and processes in manufacturing operations is expected to reduce labor needs across production occupations (-0.4 percent).
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Interpreting the Employment Projections
The Employment Projections (EP) program estimates specific values for projected employment levels and employment changes. However, this precision in the data does not account for the inherent uncertainty of predicting long-term changes in the labor market. Focusing on the direction and relative size of projected changes, rather than on the precise value estimates, may yield similar insights into employment trends and themes across occupations and industries.
The EP program also conducts research on factors that are expected to affect employment, which may not be reflected in historical data, such as emerging technologies and new legislation. Adjustments based on this research are generally applied conservatively, such as when there is convincing evidence for a long-term structural change.
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More Information
* Detailed information on the 2025-35 industry and occupational employment projections will appear
in a separate Monthly Labor Review article, to be published later in 2026.
* The OOH is available online at www.bls.gov/ooh.
* Field of degree pages are available online at www.bls.gov/ooh/field-of-degree/home.htm.
* Information about the importance of various skills by occupation can be found at www.bls.gov/emp/data/skills-data.htm.
* Descriptions of the classification systems and projections methods used can be found on the Employments Projections Methods Overview page at www.bls.gov/emp/methods-overview.htm.
* Tables with detailed, comprehensive projections data are available online at www.bls.gov/emp/tables.htm.
* Definitions for terms used in this news release are available in the BLS Glossary at www.bls.gov/bls/glossary.htm.
If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.
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Technical Note
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) publishes projections for the labor force, the macroeconomy, industry output and employment, and occupational employment. More information is available online:
* Labor force: www.bls.gov/emp/data/labor-force.htm
* Aggregate economy: www.bls.gov/emp/data/aggregateeconomy.htm
* Industry output and employment: www.bls.gov/emp/data/industry-outand-emp.htm
* Occupational employment: www.bls.gov/emp/data/occupationaldata.htm
The projections data provide a potential scenario for changes in the economy over a decade. The projections focus on long-term structural trends of the economy and do not try to anticipate future business cycle activity. To meet this objective, specific assumptions are made about the labor force, macroeconomy, industry output and employment, and occupational employment. The projections are not intended to be a forecast of what the future will be but instead are a description of what would be expected to happen under these specific assumptions and circumstances. When these assumptions are not realized, actual values will differ from projections.
Labor supply and demand assumptions
BLS projects the labor force (labor supply) as an input into the macroeconomic projections. BLS also assumes that the economy will be at full employment in the projected year, with the labor market at equilibrium. That is, employment in the projected year will be roughly equivalent to the projected labor force minus a level of frictional unemployment. (The relationship is not exact because labor force is a count of people, while employment is a count of jobs, and individual people can hold more than one job.) BLS does not project an overall labor shortage or surplus because, in the BLS projections data framework, labor supply (the labor force) and labor demand (employment) are linked; a projected increase in labor supply results in an increase in employment.
Technological progress assumptions
As with many variables, BLS assumes that labor productivity and technological progress will be in line with the historical experience. That is, productivity will increase and technology will progress, but because the BLS method involves analyzing historical relationships in the data and projecting them forward, the future is assumed to behave comparably to the past. (For previous sets of projections data, visit the Projections Archive page online at www.bls.gov/emp/data/projectionsarchive.htm.) In a future state where technology advances much more rapidly than it has historically, it is unlikely that historical relationships would hold, and therefore BLS projection methods are unlikely to yield reasonable results.
Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) have raised the prospect that the future rate of technological progress could be higher than in the past. BLS projection methods could reflect this in a faster rate of labor productivity growth. This would in turn result in a higher level of gross domestic product (GDP) growth (maintaining the BLS full employment assumption). If this higher rate of productivity growth is uniform across all industries, there is no impact on BLS employment projections; output is higher, productivity is higher, and employment is the same. However, a higher aggregate level of productivity growth could also be reflected differentially in industry productivity. BLS methods could capture this, but BLS has no data on which to base these differential productivity impacts. BLS therefore chooses to present a scenario with technological progress in line with historical patterns, which allows the projections to be grounded by historical data relationships rather than introducing adjustments that would be highly speculative.
BLS does conduct research on factors that are expected to impact employment, particularly those which may not be reflected in historical data, such as new technologies. However, BLS generally applies adjustments based on this research conservatively, where there is convincing evidence for a change. Developments in AI are proceeding rapidly, and the uncertainty about potential impacts remains very high. Projections are always uncertain, and the exact impact of developments, such as new technologies on the labor market, 10 years in the future is impossible to predict with precision. As a result, BLS releases new projections annually to incorporate new data, research, and analysis. For more details on how BLS assesses and incorporates AI's potential labor market impacts on its employment projections, illustrated via case studies from the 2023-33 projections cycle, see Christine Machovec, Michael J. Rieley, and Emily Rolen, "Incorporating AI impacts in BLS employment projections: occupational case studies," Monthly Labor Review, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, February 2025.
The historical record shows that technology impacts occupations, but that these changes tend to be gradual, not sudden. Occupations involve complex combinations of tasks, and even when technology advances rapidly, it can take time for employers and workers to figure out how to incorporate new technology into business practices. New technologies may change the composition or weighting of tasks performed by an occupation even if they do not impact overall demand for an occupation. For more details on the historical record, see Michael J. Handel, "Growth trends for selected occupations considered at risk from automation," Monthly Labor Review, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, July 2022.
For more information, visit the Employment Projections Handbook of Methods page online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/emp/home.htm.
Frequently asked questions about the employment projections are online at www.bls.gov/emp/frequently-askedquestions.htm.
Users and uses
The BLS projections are used by high school and college students, their teachers and parents, jobseekers, career counselors, and guidance specialists to determine jobs in demand. The projections also are used by state workforce agencies to prepare state and area projections that, together with the national projections, are widely used by policymakers to make decisions about education and training, funding allocations, and program offerings. These projections of jobs in demand help improve the alignment between education and training and the hiring needs of employers. In addition, other federal agencies, researchers, and academics use the projections to understand trends in the economy and labor market.
Projections of industry and occupational employment at the state level are prepared by each state, using input from the BLS national projections. State projections data are available on the Projections Central page at https://projectionscentral.org.
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View original text plus charts and tables here: https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/ecopro.pdf
