Federal Independent Agencies
Here's a look at documents from federal independent agencies
Featured Stories
Smithsonian Craft Show Opens April 23
WASHINGTON, March 25 -- The Smithsonian Institution issued the following news release on March 24, 2026:
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Smithsonian Craft Show Opens April 23
Juried Fine Craft Show Celebrates American Artistry
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The 44th annual Smithsonian Craft Show will take place April 22-26 featuring the work of recognized masters and outstanding innovators of American craft. A panel of expert jurors has selected 120 American artists representing all facets of contemporary craft and design, including basketry, ceramics, decorative fiber, furniture, glass, jewelry, leather, metal, mixed-media, paper, wearable art
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WASHINGTON, March 25 -- The Smithsonian Institution issued the following news release on March 24, 2026:
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Smithsonian Craft Show Opens April 23
Juried Fine Craft Show Celebrates American Artistry
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The 44th annual Smithsonian Craft Show will take place April 22-26 featuring the work of recognized masters and outstanding innovators of American craft. A panel of expert jurors has selected 120 American artists representing all facets of contemporary craft and design, including basketry, ceramics, decorative fiber, furniture, glass, jewelry, leather, metal, mixed-media, paper, wearable artand wood. The works will be on display and for sale. Serious collectors and casual shoppers will find one-of-a-kind pieces at a wide range of prices.
The show will be held at the National Building Museum, located at 401 F St. N.W. in Washington, D.C. Admission is $25, and group sales of 10 or more are $20 each, both of which can be purchased in advance or online.
The show's Preview Night Benefit April 22 offers an early opportunity to view and purchase crafts while enjoying cocktails and dinner. Tickets and more information are available on the craft show website.
The 2026 honorary chair is Carol Sauvion, the former executive director of Craft in America, and the guiding force behind Handwork: Celebrating American Craft 2026, a nationwide initiative to showcase 250 years of American craft.
A highlight of the Preview Night Benefit will be the presentation of the Smithsonian Visionary Award to Wayne Higby for his significant achievements in sculptural art and design. Ceramic artist Cristina Cordova will receive the Delphi Award from the Smithsonian Women's Committee for her exceptional mid-career artistry and promise.
The Smithsonian Women's Committee produces this show to celebrate the finest in American contemporary craft and design. All proceeds go back to the Smithsonian through grants to multiple museums, research centers and the Zoo. To date, the organization has awarded more than $15 million to the Institution for projects that support innovative education and enhance knowledge, research and outreach in areas of culture, arts, mysteries of the universe, biodiversity and the American experience.
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About the Smithsonian Women's Committee
The Smithsonian Women's Committee is an all-volunteer organization of 180 members that raises funds through its annual Smithsonian Craft Show and Craft2Wear Show to fund its grants and endowment programs to support the initiatives of the Smithsonian's 21 museums, 21 libraries, the National Zoo and numerous education, research and conservation centers in the Washington, D.C., area and around the world.
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Original text here: https://www.si.edu/newsdesk/releases/smithsonian-craft-show-opens-april-23
Office of Finance Publishes the 2025 Annual Combined Financial Report of the Federal Home Loan Banks
WASHINGTON, March 25 (TNSrep) -- The Federal Home Loan Bank System Office of Finance issued the following news release:
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Office of Finance Publishes the 2025 Annual Combined Financial Report of the Federal Home Loan Banks
The Office of Finance is announcing the publication of the 2025 Annual Combined Financial Report of the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBanks). This report has been prepared from the audited financial information of the FHLBanks. Each of the FHLBanks has filed its 2025 Form 10-K with the SEC. Current financial reports and other SEC filings for individual FHLBanks can be obtained
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WASHINGTON, March 25 (TNSrep) -- The Federal Home Loan Bank System Office of Finance issued the following news release:
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Office of Finance Publishes the 2025 Annual Combined Financial Report of the Federal Home Loan Banks
The Office of Finance is announcing the publication of the 2025 Annual Combined Financial Report of the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBanks). This report has been prepared from the audited financial information of the FHLBanks. Each of the FHLBanks has filed its 2025 Form 10-K with the SEC. Current financial reports and other SEC filings for individual FHLBanks can be obtainedby searching the EDGAR database.
The 2025 Annual Combined Financial Report for the FHLBanks has been filed with the Federal Housing Finance Agency. A copy of this Combined Financial Report can be obtained on the Office of Finance website at: https:// www.fhlb-of.com/ofweb_userWeb/pageBuilder/fhlbank-financial-data-36.
The FHLBanks have delivered innovation and service to the U.S. housing market since 1932, and currently have approximately 6,400 members serving all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories. Please contact Tom Heinle at 703-467-3646 or theinle@fhlb-of.com for additional information.
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Original text here: https://fhlb-of.com/ofweb_userWeb/resources/PR2026-0324-Q4CFRAnnouncement.pdf
U.S. Chemical Safety Board Commends AFPM for Voluntary Action to Improve Refinery Safety
WASHINGTON, March 24 -- The U.S. Chemical Safety Board issued the following news release on March 23, 2026:
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U.S. Chemical Safety Board Commends AFPM for Voluntary Action to Improve Refinery Safety
The U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) today issued a "Safety Spotlight" recognizing the American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers (AFPM) for the organization's leadership in chemical safety. AFPM voluntarily implemented a key CSB safety recommendation stemming from the agency's investigation into the 2018 explosion and fire at the Husky Energy refinery in Superior,
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WASHINGTON, March 24 -- The U.S. Chemical Safety Board issued the following news release on March 23, 2026:
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U.S. Chemical Safety Board Commends AFPM for Voluntary Action to Improve Refinery Safety
The U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) today issued a "Safety Spotlight" recognizing the American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers (AFPM) for the organization's leadership in chemical safety. AFPM voluntarily implemented a key CSB safety recommendation stemming from the agency's investigation into the 2018 explosion and fire at the Husky Energy refinery in Superior,Wisconsin that was directed to another organization.
The incident at the Husky refinery injured 36 workers and caused over $550 million in damage. It occurred during a shutdown of the refinery's fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit, when a flammable mixture of hydrocarbons and air ignited due to failed safeguards.
One of the CSB's recommendations from the investigation called on the American Petroleum Institute (API) to develop safety guidance for FCC's. While not the intended recipient, AFPM took independent action, launching a comprehensive FCC safety initiative that included:
* 18 in-person safety workshops reaching over 700 participants from 76 refineries in the U.S. and Canada.
* A publicly available FCC Process Safety webpage with resources such as checklists, bulletins, and guidance incorporating lessons from both the Husky and ExxonMobil Torrance refinery incidents.
These CSB determined that these actions by AFPM fulfilled the CSB's recommendation, even though AFPM had done them instead of API.
CSB Chairperson Steve Owens said, "AFPM voluntarily stepped up and delivered real tools to help prevent future FCC-related incidents. This is a clear example of industry safety leadership in action."
AFPM joins several other organizations recognized by the CSB for voluntarily implementing CSB recommendations, including the International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADC), Texas A&M Engineering Extension Service (TEEX), Texas Commission on Fire Protection (TCFP), and the Center for Offshore Safety (COS).
CSB Director of Recommendations Chuck Barbee said, "The CSB's Safety Spotlights highlight important contributions that drive chemical safety excellence. Progress often comes from leadership that goes above and beyond compliance."
The CSB is an independent, nonregulatory federal agency charged with investigating incidents and hazards that result, or may result, in the catastrophic release of extremely hazardous substances. The agency's core mission activities include conducting incident investigations to identify root cause of releases; formulating preventive or mitigative recommendations based on investigation findings and advocating for their implementation; issuing reports containing the findings, conclusions, and recommendations arising from incident investigations; and conducting studies on chemical hazards.
The agency's board members are appointed by the president subject to Senate confirmation. The Board does not issue citations or fines but makes safety recommendations to companies, industry organizations, labor groups, and regulatory agencies such as OSHA and EPA.
Please visit our website, www.csb.gov. For more information, contact Director of External Affairs Hillary Cohen at Hillary.Cohen@csb.gov.
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Original text here: https://www.csb.gov/us-chemical-safety-board-commends-afpm-for-voluntary-action-to-improve-refinery-safety-/
See NASA's GUARDIAN Catch a Tsunami
PASADENA, California, March 24 (TNSres) -- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory issued the following news:
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See NASA's GUARDIAN Catch a Tsunami
A new animation breaks down how JPL's AI-supported hazard scout gets the drop on the ocean's biggest waves.
A new data visualization illustrates how an experimental NASA technology can provide extra lead time to communities in the path of a tsunami. Called GUARDIAN (GNSS Upper Atmospheric Real-time Disaster Information and Alert Network), the software detects slight distortions in satellite navigation signals to spot hazards on the move.
The animation
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PASADENA, California, March 24 (TNSres) -- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory issued the following news:
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See NASA's GUARDIAN Catch a Tsunami
A new animation breaks down how JPL's AI-supported hazard scout gets the drop on the ocean's biggest waves.
A new data visualization illustrates how an experimental NASA technology can provide extra lead time to communities in the path of a tsunami. Called GUARDIAN (GNSS Upper Atmospheric Real-time Disaster Information and Alert Network), the software detects slight distortions in satellite navigation signals to spot hazards on the move.
The animationbreaks down a real-life case study: last summer's massive Kamchatka earthquake and the tsunami that it sent racing across the Pacific and towards Hawaii at over 500 mph (805 kph).
The visualization shows the magnitude 8.8 earthquake (seen in purple) strike off the Russian coast on July 29, 2025, triggering the tsunami. The red, orange, yellow, and green ringlets represent real-time readings from ground stations tracking GPS and other navigational satellite signals. The disturbances were spotted by GUARDIAN's artificial intelligence-powered detection algorithms as soon as eight minutes after the earthquake.
For the next several hours, signs of the tsunami were picked up by GUARDIAN across the Pacific Ocean in near real time. The system flagged an incoming wave off the coast of Kauai some 32 minutes before it made landfall and was detected by tide gauges (shown in blue).
The results highlight GUARDIAN's potential to augment existing early warning systems, said Camille Martire, one of its developers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California.
Currently, determining whether an earthquake generated a tsunami remains a challenge. Forecasters rely on seismic data and computer simulations to make their best prediction, then wait for pressure sensors attached to the ocean floor to confirm a passing wave. Those sensors work well but are expensive and thinly dispersed. Gaps in coverage remain. And in those gaps, warning time disappears.
The GUARDIAN approach is complementary and cost effective because it monitors existing data from GPS and other constellations that make up the Global Navigation Satellite System. It's also free to access, though for now best suited to analysts trained to interpret its findings.
How GUARDIAN works
All day, every day, geopositioning constellations transmit radio signals to ground stations around the globe. On the ground, the data is refined to sub-decimeter (less than 10 centimeters) positioning accuracy by JPL's Global Differential GPS System. Before the signals get there, however, they must travel through an electrically charged skin of plasma called the ionosphere.
Solar storms and other space weather can wreak electrical mayhem in the ionosphere, and so can events on Earth. Tsunamis and earthquakes, by displacing large amount of air at Earth's surface, unleash pressure waves that can slightly perturb the radio signals coming down from satellites. While systems are in place to correct for this "noise," GUARDIAN considers it a useful signal.
Currently, GUARDIAN scours data from more than 350 GNSS ground stations around the Pacific Ring of Fire, a hotbed for the ocean's deadliest waves. And the system is not confined to tsunamis. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, missile tests, spacecraft reentries, meteoroid splashdowns -- anything that produces a large rumble on Earth is potentially fair game. While the Kamchatka event didn't cause widespread damage to people or property, it showed how the next time disaster strikes, NASA science could give communities a few more minutes to act.
GUARDIAN is being developed at JPL by the GDGPS project, which is partially supported by NASA's Space Geodesy Project. To learn more, visit:
https://guardian.jpl.nasa.gov/
-- Sally Younger
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Original text here: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/see-nasas-guardian-catch-a-tsunami/
SBA Relocates Washington Metro Area District Office to Herndon, Virginia
WASHINGTON, March 24 -- The Small Business Administration issued the following news release on March 23, 2026:
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SBA Relocates Washington Metro Area District Office to Herndon, Virginia
Move improves accessibility for small businesses, enhances cost efficiency, and reflects agency's Main Street First approach
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Today, the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) announced that it has relocated its Washington Metro Area District Office from downtown Washington, D.C., to Herndon, Virginia. The new location provides better access for small business owners and more cost-effective services
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WASHINGTON, March 24 -- The Small Business Administration issued the following news release on March 23, 2026:
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SBA Relocates Washington Metro Area District Office to Herndon, Virginia
Move improves accessibility for small businesses, enhances cost efficiency, and reflects agency's Main Street First approach
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Today, the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) announced that it has relocated its Washington Metro Area District Office from downtown Washington, D.C., to Herndon, Virginia. The new location provides better access for small business owners and more cost-effective servicesfor taxpayers - reflecting the Trump SBA's commitment to eliminating wasteful spending and expanding its field presence to support entrepreneurs on the ground in communities across the U.S.
"Small businesses deserve an SBA that is both easily accessible and cost-efficient, which is why we have prioritized expanding our field presence and shifting out of expensive city centers and onto Main Streets across America," said SBA Administrator Kelly Loeffler. "Relocating our Washington Metro Area District Office to Herndon, Virginia is a commonsense step that makes it easier for entrepreneurs to reach us, while reducing barriers and unnecessary costs. The Trump SBA continues to work for small business owners who drive our economy, rather than preserving the bureaucratic status quo."
The new Herndon office space offers free public parking and improved convenience for small business owners, resource partners, and employees alike. By contrast, daily parking near the former downtown D.C. high-rise office costs as much as $25. Due to poor accessibility, the office hosted just two in-office events in 2025 and served less than five walk-ins seeking business assistance.
The relocation to Herndon supports the SBA's broader effort to reduce overhead, strengthen field engagement, and ensure agency resources are directed toward empowering small businesses rather than maintaining costly, underutilized space. In 2025, SBA successfully moved over 30% of its workforce out of Washington, D.C. and into the field - expanding its presence across 68 district offices and 10 regional offices. In total, the agency held 30,800 field events that reached nearly 490,000 small business owners.
The agency continues to evaluate each of its field offices to measure performance and ensure the responsible use of taxpayer funds. The SBA also continues to pursue relocation efforts for all field offices currently located in a sanctuary city - including Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, New York City, and Seattle.
Information about the new Washington Metro Area District Office location can be found online at https://www.sba.gov/about-sba/sba-locations. The new office is located at the below address.
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About the U.S. Small Business Administration
The U.S. Small Business Administration helps power the American dream of entrepreneurship. As the leading voice for small businesses within the federal government, the SBA empowers job creators with the resources and support they need to start, grow, and expand their businesses or recover from a declared disaster. It delivers services through an extensive network of SBA field offices and partnerships with public and private organizations. To learn more, visit www.sba.gov.
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Original text here: https://www.sba.gov/article/2026/03/23/sba-relocates-washington-metro-area-district-office-herndon-virginia
Office of Advocacy Adds Fishing-Related Regulations to Most Wanted Reform List
WASHINGTON, March 24 -- The Small Business Administration's Office of Advocacy issued the following news release:
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Office of Advocacy Adds Fishing-Related Regulations to Most Wanted Reform List
The Office of Advocacy (Advocacy), the independent voice for small businesses within the executive branch, has added key regulatory issues burdening America's fishermen to its Small Businesses' Most Wanted Reform list.
On Monday, March 16, Advocacy continued its months-long engagement with the U.S. commercial fishing industry by participating in panel discussions during the 2026 Seafood Expo North
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WASHINGTON, March 24 -- The Small Business Administration's Office of Advocacy issued the following news release:
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Office of Advocacy Adds Fishing-Related Regulations to Most Wanted Reform List
The Office of Advocacy (Advocacy), the independent voice for small businesses within the executive branch, has added key regulatory issues burdening America's fishermen to its Small Businesses' Most Wanted Reform list.
On Monday, March 16, Advocacy continued its months-long engagement with the U.S. commercial fishing industry by participating in panel discussions during the 2026 Seafood Expo NorthAmerica, a three-day international event with approximately 15,000 attendees in Boston, MA.
During the discussions, fishermen and seafood processors shared their experiences of how federal rules are negatively impacting their ability to operate their businesses profitably and safely. Federal regulations inhibit their ability to purchase new equipment and vessels, modernize their fishing boats, and compete with seafood sourced outside of the United States.
Two of the issues raised, onboard observer requirements and the designation of marine sanctuaries and national monuments, were raised by Advocacy in an October 14, 2025, letter responding to President Donald Trump's executive order, Restoring American Seafood Competitiveness. Today, those rules have been added to Advocacy's Most Wanted Reform list and are highlighted in a blog post featuring U.S. fishermen.
Rescinding the marine sanctuary and national monument regulations could generate a cost savings of $9.7B for small businesses, per estimates from Advocacy. Revising the onboard monitoring observations rule would save $180,900 per small business.
"The opportunity to once again hear directly from our nation's fishing community marked another positive step toward cutting the red tape hurting one of our nation's oldest industries," said Chip Bishop, Deputy Chief Counsel for Advocacy, who spoke at the event. "I look forward to sharing the information Advocacy received with federal agencies and continuing our work to provide America's fishermen with regulatory relief."
Advocacy's New England Regional Advocate, Janet Fogarty, has been hearing these issues and more over the past year. "There are so many regulatory issues facing the commercial fishing industry, and these issues are at the forefront of my conversations. This industry is of paramount importance to our country, not just for national security but also for our economy. We should be trying to make their work easier, not harder," said Fogarty.
Advocacy first launched the Most Wanted List on January 7 and has already seen progress in reforming multiple items. Advocacy's role in elevating small business voices to federal agencies is key to driving progress.
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Created by Congress in 1976, the Office of Advocacy of the U.S. Small Business Administration is an independent voice for small business within the executive branch. Appointed by the President and confirmed by the U.S. Senate, the Chief Counsel for Advocacy directs the office. The Chief Counsel advances the views, concerns, and interests of small business before Congress, the White House, federal agencies, federal courts, and state policymakers. Economic research, policy analyses, and small business outreach help identify issues of concern. Regional Advocates and an office in Washington, DC, support the Chief Counsel's efforts. For more information on the Office of Advocacy, visit advocacy.sba.gov or call (202) 205-6533.
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Original text here: https://advocacy.sba.gov/2026/03/23/office-of-advocacy-adds-fishing-related-regulations-to-most-wanted-reform-list/
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics: 'Space Archaeology' Reveals First Dynamic History of a Giant Spiral Galaxy
CAMBRIDGE, Massachusetts, March 24 (TNSjou) -- The Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics issued the following news release:
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'Space Archaeology' Reveals First Dynamic History of a Giant Spiral Galaxy
For the first time, astronomers used galactic archaeology techniques to trace the chemical "fossil record" of a galaxy outside the Milky Way
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A team of astronomers led by the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian have for the first time used galactic archaeology, the study of detailed chemical fingerprints in deep space, to trace the history of a galaxy outside the Milky
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CAMBRIDGE, Massachusetts, March 24 (TNSjou) -- The Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics issued the following news release:
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'Space Archaeology' Reveals First Dynamic History of a Giant Spiral Galaxy
For the first time, astronomers used galactic archaeology techniques to trace the chemical "fossil record" of a galaxy outside the Milky Way
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A team of astronomers led by the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian have for the first time used galactic archaeology, the study of detailed chemical fingerprints in deep space, to trace the history of a galaxy outside the MilkyWay.
The study, published today in the journal Nature Astronomy, demonstrates a new way to reconstruct the evolution of distant galaxies, and opens up a new field of astronomy, called "extragalactic archaeology."
"This is the first time that a chemical archaeology method has been used with such fine detail outside our own galaxy," says Lisa Kewley, lead author, Harvard professor, and director of the Center for Astrophysics. "We want to understand how we got here. How did our own Milky Way form, and how did we end up breathing the oxygen that we're breathing right now?"
Using data from the TYPHOON survey on the Irenee du Pont telescope at the Las Campanas Observatory, the scientists examined the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 1365, whose wide disc shape is oriented so we can see it face-on from Earth. They achieved resolution sharp enough to separate and study individual star-forming clouds in the galaxy.
When they're young, hot stars shine brightly in the ultraviolet, and that intense light can excite nearby gases, Kewley explains. Each element, such as oxygen, in the gas then produces bright, narrow lines of light.
Astronomers know that the centers of galaxies usually have more heavy elements, including oxygen, while the outer parts have less. The oxygen pattern is shaped by several factors, including where and when stars formed and exploded as supernovae, how gas has flowed in or out of the galaxy, and past mergers with other galaxies.
By measuring how the oxygen patterns change across a galaxy and comparing with state-of-the-art galaxy simulations in the Illustris Project, the astronomers traced how the galaxy grew and merged with other galaxies over 12 billion years of cosmic time. The simulations track the motion of gas, star formation, black holes, and chemical evolution in galaxies from shortly after the Big Bang to the present day.
The astronomers searched through simulations of about 20,000 galaxies and found one that closely matched NGC 1365's observed properties, from which they inferred the galaxy's likely merger and growth history.
The astronomers found that NGC 1365's central region formed early in the galaxy's history and developed a large amount of oxygen. The gas further out built up over 12 billion years through collisions with smaller dwarf galaxies. The gas in the outer spiral arms of the galaxy probably formed relatively late, over the last few billion years, and was also fed by gas and stars from merging dwarf galaxies.
"It's very exciting to see our simulations matched so closely by data from another galaxy," said Lars Hernquist, Mallinckrodt Professor of Astrophysics at Harvard and a CfA astronomer. "This study shows that the astronomical processes we model on computers are shaping galaxies like NGC 1365 over billions of years."
Overall, the study shows NGC 1365 began as a small galaxy and slowly grew into a giant spiral via multiple mergers with smaller dwarf galaxies.
The astronomers establish extragalactic archaeology as a powerful new approach and tool that demonstrates that chemical fingerprints in a galaxy's gas can reveal its history, said Kewley.
"This study shows really well how you can produce observations to be directly aided by theory," she said. "I think it's also going to impact how we work together as theorists and observers, because this project was 50 percent theory and 50 percent observations, and you couldn't do one without the other. You need both to come to these conclusions."
By studying galaxies like NGC 1365, which bears similarities to the Milky Way, astronomers can gain insight into how typical or unusual our own galaxy may be and the different pathways galaxies can take to reach their current states
"Do all spiral galaxies form in a similar way?" asked Kewley. "Are there differences between their formation? Where is their oxygen distributed now? Is our Milky Way different or unique in any way? Those are the questions we want to answer."
Original paper: DOI 10.1038/s41550-026-02808-7
The assembly history of NGC 1365 through chemical archaeology. Nature Astronomy. Lisa J. Kewley, Kathryn Grasha, Alex Garcia, Paul Torrey, Jeff Rich, S. Hemler, Qian-Hui Chen, Peixin Zhu, Mark Seibert, Lars Hernquist, Barry Madore.
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About the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian
The Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian is a collaboration between Harvard and the Smithsonian designed to ask, and ultimately answer, humanity's greatest unresolved questions about the nature of the universe. The CfA is headquartered in Cambridge, MA, with research facilities across the U.S. and around the world.
Authors include:
Lisa Kewley, Director and Scientist, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian; and Paine Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University
Kathryn Grasha, Research School for Astronomy & Astrophysics and ARC Centre of Excellence for All-Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D), Australian National University
Alex Garcia, Department of Astronomy, University of Florida and Department of Astronomy, University of Virginia; Paul Torrey, Department of Astronomy, Virginia Institute for Theoretical Astronomy, and The NSF-Simons AI Institute for Cosmic Origins, University of Virginia
Jeff Rich, The Observatories, Carnegie Institution for Science
Z. S. Hemler, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University
Qian-Hui Chen, Research School for Astronomy & Astrophysics and ASTRO 3D, Australian National University
Peixin Zhu, Institute for Theory & Computation, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian and Research School for Astronomy & Astrophysics, Australian National University
Mark Seibert, The Observatories, Carnegie Institution for Science
Lars Hernquist, Institute for Theory & Computation, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian
Barry Madore, The Observatories, Carnegie Institution for Science
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Original text here: https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/space-archaeology-reveals-first-dynamic-history-giant-spiral-galaxy
